Malikiyyah is one of the four main schools of Sunni jurisprudence, and takes its name from Malik ibn Anas, a jurist of Medina in the second century AH. The book Muwatta is considered one of the foundational works of this tradition, although the Maliki school was shaped over time by the work of several generations of jurists.

This school is based on the Quran and Sunnah and, in addition to Hadith narrations, pays attention to the jurisprudential tradition of Medina and the principles of the method. Malikiyyah has many followers in the Maghreb, North and West Africa, and some other regions. This tradition is a jurisprudential school and should not be identified with a specific nation or state.