Matridiyya is a school of Islamic theology attributed to Abu Mansur Matridi, a Samarqand theologian of the 4th century AH. Formulations of this tradition developed in the scholarly environment of the Farid and later became known in wide areas of the Islamic world.

Matridi theologians have discussed monotheism, attributes, faith, and human responsibility, and have given rational reasoning a place alongside religious texts. Its historical connection with Hanafi jurisprudence is strong, but the two are not of the same class: one is a theological school, the other a jurisprudential school.